THE LIVES OF OTHERS
by Leah Ollman
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Sophie Calle, Mother-Father (2018) is part of the conceptual artist's retrospective in Orange County.
(Sophie Calle / Fraenkel Gallery / ARS / ADAGP)
You're not likely to overhear that familiar My kid could do that dismissal as you peruse Sophie Calle's engrossing and disarming retrospective at the UC Irvine Langson Orange County Museum of Art. More probably, you'll be blurting out Can she do that?, or at least actively wondering it. No living artist weds brash curiosity and a willingness to poke at the boundaries of propriety quite like the Parisian-born and based Calle.
Now in her early seventies, the show takes us back to her auspicious, audacious beginnings. In the 1980 photo-text installation that sprawls the length of the show's opening wall, Suite Vénitienne, she chronicles her pursuit of a near-stranger through the labyrinthine passageways of Venice. She had met the man, "Henri B.," by chance one evening in Paris and learned that he was about to travel to Italy. Calle decided to follow, and keep following, surreptitiously and in light disguise, tracking the man's location and activities, making accomplices of hotel staff and others. Her black-and-white pictures and daily, typewritten entries read like a private investigator's dossier, punctuated sparingly with her own self-reflective musings.
Each of Calle's projects is, by her own description, a sort of game scaffolded by rules, though she leaves herself open to chance and serendipity. Think the droll, performative strain of Conceptual art, embodied by artists like Bruce Nauman and the SoCal-based Eleanor Antin, who elasticized identity and gender in her own multimedia works assuming fictitious roles. Closer still, in method and spirit, are the writers aligned with the 1960s-launched French literary movement Oulipo, who work within extreme, self-prescribed constraints, such as, most famously, not using the letter e in the composition of an entire novel.

A detail from Calle's Suite Vénitienne, 1980, printed 1986.
(Sophie Calle / Paula Cooper Gallery / Collection Buffalo AKG Art Museum)
The winning of Calle's games, for her as for us, is in the play itself, in the slippage between earnest and improper, cheeky and tender, brazen and vulnerable, and ultimately, between person and persona. For one piece, The Hotel (1981), she took a job as a chambermaid and made probing inventories of the personal effects in the guestrooms she cleaned. For another, The Shadow (1981), she had her mother hire a private detective to follow her, "to provide photographic evidence of my existence." In the resulting photo-text installation, the hired man's photographs and notes appear together with Calle's own account of being surveilled. The parallel play clearly delights and intrigues her. "I wonder if he liked me," her text concludes. "Will he think of me tomorrow?" It’s fantastically meta.
Sophie Calle: Overshare was organized by the Walker Art Center in Minneapolis and gives North American viewers their first large-scale survey of the artist's work. Calle's early projects were her most nervy, and established her reputation as a watcher worth watching. Over the course of her nearly five-decade-long career, making photographs, books, videos, films, and installations, she's been shown at major venues internationally, from the Tate to the Hermitage. In 2007, she represented France at the Venice Biennale.
Calle studied sociology, not art, and it shows in her persistent focus on human behavior. As problematic as some unwitting participants found her early work, she's never been out to incriminate anyone. Her voyeuristic practices are in the service of catching people being themselves, and even more so, exposing her own complex, contradictory, composite self. In True Stories (1985-ongoing), Calle presents an array of her personal belongings in the manner of artifacts in a museum display. Each object, from a wedding dress to a love letter, is numbered, and a corresponding text tells how it factors in her memory and the continual making and re-making of her own identity. The writings accrete into an episodic autobiography, focused on how she sees herself and how others — parents, lovers, friends — have seen or defined her.
Autobiographies (The Bad Breath), 1994. (Sophie Calle / Paula Cooper Gallery / ARS / ADAGP)
Calle performed under the cover of neutrality in her early years, with documentary-style photographs and reports installed in grids or other orderly arrangements. Over time, her work has become more overtly emotional and visually juicier. Voir la mer (2011), a sensorily immersive, panoramic, five-channel video projection, exemplifies these trends. Calle found five people living in Istanbul who, despite the city's geographical orientation, had never seen the sea. Each is seen first from behind, standing on the shore, looking out. They then turn to face Calle's camera so that she, and we, can study how the revelatory experience registers in their eyes and expression. It feels visceral, the compounded impact of both seeing and being seen. We hear only the gentle, persistent rhythm of the waves; there are no words.
About midway through my wander of the show, E.M. Forster's famous dictum, only connect, started softly thrumming in the back of my head. Calle has always connected image and text, concept and form, but underlying all of her stealthily serious games is a desire for some sort of connection to another, whether staged, imagined, or actualized, and a tenacious drive to connect the disparate parts of herself. A lifelong project, indeed, and against the current backdrop of technological connection yet grievous social isolation, characteristically audacious. Can she do that?
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Sophie Calle: Overshare is on view at the UC Irvine Langson Orange County Museum of Art through May 24th; ocma.art.
Leah Ollman is a SoCal-based critic and editor of Ensnaring the Moment: On the intersection of poetry and photography (Saint Lucy Books).
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